{"coverage_note":"Five categories were checked for JD.com (jd.com): (1) Pricing discrepancies \u2014 a confirmed finding was surfaced: Beijing regulators issued correction orders against JD.com for deceptively advertised subsidy promotions without disclosed eligibility terms. (2) Availability \u2014 no evidence of ghost inventory or bait-and-switch availability was found; search results touched on counterfeit product concerns unrelated to availability at checkout. (3) Identity/merchant-of-record \u2014 no documented regulatory action or verified finding of systematic liability deflection to third-party sellers was found; search results were partially diluted by results for an unrelated UK retailer also named 'JD.' (4) Policy discrepancies \u2014 no verified gap between stated and enforced refund or cancellation policy was found; a 2024 'refund-only' policy change was noted but represents a publicly announced policy, not a hidden discrepancy. (5) Undisclosed constraints \u2014 no independently verified hidden transactional constraints for agents or foreign users were found, though JD.com's domestic payment instrument requirements are widely noted contextually without meeting the inclusion bar for a specific discrepancy finding.","human_handoff_required_for":[{"action":"Verify the actual checkout total before confirming any purchase made during a JD.com promotional or subsidy campaign (e.g., '618' or '11.11' festivals), specifically when the displayed price references a 'billion-yuan subsidy' or similar discount program \u2014 Beijing regulators found these advertised prices carry undisclosed eligibility conditions that can produce a higher real price at checkout than the price shown on the product listing.","evidence":[{"description":"The Beijing Municipal Administration for Market Regulation took enforcement action against JD.com and four peer platforms for advertising '10 billion yuan subsidy' promotions without transparent disclosure of terms and funding sources, finding advertised discounts did not match actual conditions consumers would encounter; mandatory correction orders were issued.","reference":"https://www.scmp.com/tech/tech-trends/article/3213060/china-regulator-summons-executives-alibaba-jdcom-others-over-10-billion-yuan-subsidy-claims"}],"last_checked_date":"2026-06-30"}],"record_verification":{"last_checked_agentic_scan":"2026-06-30","last_checked_human_verified":null},"vendor_id":"jd","verified_discrepancies":[{"actuals":"Beijing regulators found that JD.com (alongside Alibaba, Pinduoduo, Douyin, and Xiaohongshu) advertised these subsidy programs without transparent disclosure of terms and funding sources, constituting deceptive promotional pricing. The Beijing Municipal Administration for Market Regulation summoned platform executives and issued mandatory correction orders, finding the advertised discounts did not match the actual conditions consumers would encounter.","discrepancy_start_date_est":"2025 (during or preceding the 618 shopping campaign period)","evidence":[{"description":"MEXC/Blockonomi reports that Beijing regulators summoned JD.com and four other major e-commerce platforms for advertising 'deceptive promotional tactics' around subsidy programs lacking transparent terms, resulting in mandatory correction orders.","reference":"https://www.mexc.com/news/1140147"}],"interim_guidance":"When completing purchases on jd.com during promotional or subsidy campaign periods, do not treat the advertised subsidy or discount price as the confirmed final price. Before finalising any transaction, explicitly verify the full checkout total including all applicable conditions, as advertised 'subsidy' prices may carry undisclosed eligibility terms that alter the real price at checkout.","last_checked_date":"2026-06-30","status":"remediation_claimed_not_reverified","type":"pricing_discrepancy","vendor_claim":"JD.com advertised '10 billion yuan subsidy' promotional programs to consumers, implying broad, straightforward price reductions during major shopping campaigns such as the 618 festival."}]}